internal waters – IILSS-International institute for Law of the Sea Studies

internal waters and baseline legal aspects Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

Overlapping claims to internal waters in law of the sea and LOSC

Several adjacent coastal States have designated straight territorial sea baselines in a manner that generates overlapping claims to internal waters. The LOSC contains only limited references to internal waters, none of which concern delimitation or OCA management. The absence of detailed provisions in this context flows from the characterization of internal waters under customary law: Such waters appertain to the land territory of a coastal State and are subject, with limited exception, to full territorial sovereignty. The absence in the law of the sea of detailed rules concerning internal waters is a deliberate deference to the territorial rights of coastal States.

Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES IN MARITIME ZONES

IILSS 23rd August 2021 Archipelagic States contiguous zone continental shelf delimitation of the territorial seas Do landlocked states have any maritime rights?exclusive economic zone exclusive fishing zone internal waters law of the sea LOSC territorial seas What are maritime zones?What are rights of coastal states over continental shelf?What are the five maritime zones?What are the maritime zones under UNCLOS?What are the rights and duties of coastal states?What are the rights and responsibilities of coastal states over contiguous zone?What are the rights given to the coastal state at different sea zones?What are the rights in the contiguous zone?What are transit rights?What does it mean to be a powerful maritime area?What rights are landlocked states entitled to under UNCLOS?What rights does a country have within territorial sea?Which is the maritime zone comprising the sea bed and sub soil of the marine areas that extent beyond it territorial sea?

Coastal states can claim five key maritime zones. Proceeding seawards from the coast they are internal waters, territorial seas, the contiguous zone, the exclusive economic zone (or, in some cases, an exclusive fishing zone) and the continental shelf. Archipelagic states may also claim archipelagic waters within their archipelagic baselines. Beyond these national zones of jurisdiction lie the international maritime zones of the high seas and the Area.
The rights of the coastal state and aliens vary in these maritime zones, and do so both spatially and functionally. Thus, the coastal state has more rights closer to shore, for example in internal waters and the territorial sea. Aliens retain considerable rights within a coastal state’s claimed maritime zones concerned with communication issues such as navigation, overflight and the laying of submarine cables and pipelines. The coastal state, in contrast, boasts significant resource related rights, particularly concerning fishing and mineral extraction from the seabed.

Law of the sea

what is the deference between national and international maritime zones?

IILSS 23rd August 2021 continental shelf EEZ How many maritime zones are there?internal waters law of the sea maritime zones Maritime Zones and How They Are Determined Maritime Zones and Maritime Delimitation territorial sea What are the different maritime zones?What are the maritime zones that fall within national jurisdiction?What are the three maritime zone?What is the meaning of maritime zone?What is the meaning of maritime zones?

The rights coastal states have in certain maritime zones, notably internal waters, the territorial sea and contiguous zone, affords them security in the face of threats such as smuggling, illegal immigration, other forms of cross-border crime and, ultimately, from the threat of terrorism and the use of military force. The national maritime zones outlined in the UN Convention also offer profound benefits to coastal states in respect of resources, both living resources such as fisheries and non-living resources such as oil and gas. Furthermore, the rights and responsibilities relating to national maritime zones as laid down in the 1982 Convention provide coastal states with opportunities and obligations in the sphere of ocean management. This includes, but is not limited to, navigation, fisheries protection, conservation of living resources, pollution control, search and rescue and marine scientific research.

Baseline, Straight baseline and base points events and knowledge Maritime Claims

STATE CLAIMS IN VIOLATION OF ARTICLE 4 (LOSC ARTICLE 7), Italy case

IILSS 17th April 2021 No Comments Gulf of Taranto internal waters italy juridical bay Juridical Bays Ligurian Sea straight baseline

STATE CLAIMS IN VIOLATION OF ARTICLE 4 (LOSC ARTICLE 7), Italy case, Gulf of Taranto, internal waters, italy, juridical bay, Juridical Bays, Ligurian Sea, straight baseline

Baseline, Straight baseline and base points events and knowledge Maritime Claims

STATE CLAIMS IN SUBSTANTIAL CONFORMITY WITH ARTICLE 4 (LOSC ARTICLE 7), lreland case

IILSS 17th April 2021 No Comments internal waters lreland straight baseline

STATE CLAIMS IN SUBSTANTIAL CONFORMITY WITH ARTICLE 4 (LOSC ARTICLE 7), lreland case, internal waters, lreland, straight baseline

continental shelf legal aspects Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ) legal aspects internal waters and baseline legal aspects Law of the sea territorial waters legal aspects

Legal Nature of Maritime Delimitation in law of the sea and customary international law

IILSS 17th April 2021 No Comments a just and equitable share continental shelf délimitation constitutive délimitation déclarative EEZ geographical co-ordinates Gulf of Maine case internal waters International Sea-Bed Authority maritime delimitation North Sea Continental Shelf cases provisional delimitation line territorial sea What are the stages of maritime boundary?What is a single maritime boundary?What is delimited boundary?What is maritime space?What is median line principle?What is the difference between demarcation and delimitation?Which law delimits world seas?

Maritime delimitation may be defined as the process of establishing lines separating the spatial ambit of coastal State jurisdiction over maritime space where the legal title overlaps with that of another State. This definition calls for five comments:… Legal Nature of Maritime Delimitation in law of the sea and customary international law, a just and equitable share, continental shelf, délimitation constitutive, délimitation déclarative, EEZ, geographical co-ordinates, Gulf of Maine case, internal waters, International Sea-Bed Authority, maritime delimitation, North Sea Continental Shelf cases, provisional delimitation line, territorial sea, What are the stages of maritime boundary?, What is a single maritime boundary?, What is delimited boundary?, What is maritime space?, What is median line principle?, What is the difference between demarcation and delimitation?, Which law delimits world seas?

disputes(cases and legal aspects) events and knowledge

International Law in the South China Sea

IILSS 16th April 2021 1 Comment artificial islands China China's claimed straight baselines.Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf contiguous zone continental shelf Convention on the Continental Shelf Convention on the High Seas Convention on the Territorial Sea Does Taiwan claim South China Sea?EEZ exclusive economic zone How did China influence Southeast Asia culture?How did developments in China and the rest of East Asia?How did the cultural traditions of China affect East Asia?internal waters Is China considered Eastern Asia?ISLANDS low-tide elevations maritime zone of china maritime zones rocks south china sea South China Sea dispute What countries are in the South China Sea?What happened in South China Sea?What is the geopolitical significance of the South China Sea?What is the main dispute of the South China Sea?What is the main issue in South China Sea?What makes East Asia unique?What role did China play in Eastern Asia?What was happening in China in the 1990s?Which sea is near China?Who is the rightful owner of the South China Sea?Why does Philippines claim the South China Sea?Why is China interested in South China Sea?Why is China the core of East Asia?Why is East Asia so important?Why is Southeast Asia important to China?

International Law in the South China Sea, artificial islands, Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf, contiguous zone, continental shelf, Convention on the Continental Shelf, Convention on the High Seas, Convention on the Territorial Sea, EEZ, exclusive economic zone, internal waters, ISLANDS, low-tide elevations, maritime zones, rocks, south china sea, South China Sea dispute, UNCLOS I, UNCLOS II, UNCLOS III

internal waters and baseline legal aspects international navigation and security issues Law of the sea territorial waters legal aspects

Access to Ports in the international law of the sea(internal water)

IILSS 10th April 2021 No Comments 1923 Geneva Convention and Statute on the International Regime of Maritime Ports Access to Ports internal waters Nicaragua case

Access to Ports in the international law of the sea(internal water), 1923 Geneva Convention and Statute on the International Regime of Maritime Ports, Access to Ports, internal waters, Nicaragua case

internal waters and baseline legal aspects Law of the sea

what is the meaning of INTERNAL WATERS in law of the sea and cases?

IILSS 10th April 2021 No Comments archipelagic waters vs internal waters definition of internal waters estuaries example of internal waters harbours High seas internal waters internal waters distance internal waters examples internal waters unclos International waters landward waters law of the sea Mare liberum ports territorial sea trans-boundary waters waters enclosed by straight baselines What do you mean about internal waters?What does internal waters mean?What is included in the internal waters?Where are international waters?

Internal waters are ‘those waters which lie landward of the baseline from which the territorial sea is measured’. Specifically, internal waters in a legal sense embrace (i) parts of the sea along the coast down to the low-water mark, (ii) ports and harbours, (iii) estuaries, (iv) landward waters from the closing line of bays, and (v) waters enclosed by straight baselines. On the other hand, as noted earlier, internal waters in the law of the sea do not include waters within the land territory and land-locked waters or lakes. what is the meaning of INTERNAL WATERS in law of the sea and cases?, archipelagic waters vs internal waters, definition of internal waters, estuaries, example of internal waters, harbours, High seas, internal waters, internal waters distance, internal waters examples, internal waters unclos, International waters, landward waters, law of the sea, Mare liberum, ports, territorial sea, trans-boundary waters, waters enclosed by straight baselines, What do you mean about internal waters?, What does internal waters mean?, What is included in the internal waters?, Where are international waters?

internal waters and baseline legal aspects Law of the sea

Baselines and Related Issues on the International law of the sea

IILSS 10th April 2021 1 Comment baselines coastal State How are baselines drawn?How baselines are drawn in bays?How do you manage project baselines?How far out do territorial waters extend?How sea territory of a state and jurisdiction be defined under UNCLOS?internal waters International law of the sea jurisdictional zones What are the 4 zones of the Law of the Sea?What are the principles of territorial seas?What are the rules governing baselines?What are the three types of baselines?What are the types of baseline?What does at baseline mean?What is a deployment baseline?What is base line in international law?What is baseline in geography?What is straight base line?What is the base line?What is the length of territorial sea area from baseline?What is the privilege granted to foreign vessel to pass through the territorial waters of a state?What is the purpose of baselines under the Law of sea?What is the purpose of baselines under the Law of the Sea Mcq?What is the territorial sea baseline?What's another word for baseline?

The seaward limits of each jurisdictional zone are measured from baselines. Thus rules concerning baselines are of particular importance in the law. In particular, rules governing straight baselines and bays merit serious consideration. Furthermore, attention must be devoted to the legal status of islands and low-tide elevations because the existence of these maritime features may affect the seaward limits of marine spaces under national jurisdiction. (i) What are the rules governing baselines?
(ii) What are the problems associated with rules with regard to straight baselines?
(iii) What are the rules governing juridical bays in international law?
(iv) What is a historic bay and what are the elements of title to such a bay?
(v) What is the definition of an island?
(vi) What are the differences between islands, rocks and low-tide elevations? Baselines and Related Issues on the International law of the sea, baselines, coastal State, internal waters,International law of the sea, jurisdictional zones

Law of the sea marine(sea) Maps and charts

Typology of Marine Spaces

IILSS 9th April 2021 No Comments A spatial typology for the sea archipelagic waters beyond national jurisdiction contiguous zone High seas internal waters international straits jurisdictional zones Marine Zones national jurisdiction territorial seas Typology of Marine Spaces What is a maritime space?

In summary, spatial jurisdiction comprises both complete spatial jurisdiction (= territorial sovereignty) and limited spatial jurisdiction (= sovereign rights). In either case, it must be stressed that coastal State jurisdiction over marine spaces is spatial by nature. It follows from the above discussion that marine spaces in the law of the sea can be categorised as follows :
(i) Marine spaces under national jurisdiction
(a) Marine spaces under territorial sovereignty (or complete spatial jurisdiction): internal waters, the territorial sea, international straits, and archipelagic waters.
(b) Marine spaces under sovereign rights (or limited spatial jurisdiction): the contiguous zone (where the EEZ is established), the EEZ and the continental shelf.
(ii) Marine spaces beyond national jurisdiction the high seas and the Area., Typology of Marine Spaces, archipelagic waters, beyond national jurisdiction, contiguous zone, High seas, internal waters, international straits, jurisdictional zones, national jurisdiction, territorial seas, Typology of Marine Spaces

Law of the sea lecture in law of the sea(in PDF and PPT)

MARITIME ZONE AND JURISDICTION

IILSS 20th February 2021 No Comments Can nations own the sea?Can you claim an island in international waters?Can you live in international waters?contiguous zone continental shelf Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)High Seas and Deep Ocean Floor How are maritime zones designated?How do maritime borders work?How far are maritime borders?How far off land is international waters?How far out to sea does a country own?How maritime borders are determined?internal waters Is EEZ an international water?law of the sea Maritime Claims maritime zone Maritime Zones and How They Are Determined River Mouths territorial sea What are maritime zones?What are the 3 maritime zones?What are the 4 maritime zones?What are the 4 zones covered by the Law of the Sea AP Human Geography?What are the four categories of waters under the Unclos?What are the laws of maritime law?What are the maritime zones that fall within national jurisdiction?What are the three maritime zone?What are the types of baseline?What do you mean by maritime?What does it mean to be a powerful maritime area?What is an example of a maritime boundary?What is an example of maritime?What is baseline maritime?What is international maritime boundary line?What is international maritime law?What is maritime limit?What is the border zone between land and sea?What is the difference between marine and maritime?What is the purpose of baselines?What laws govern international waters?Which of the following is are main sources of maritime law?Why are maritime zones important?

MARITIME ZONE AND JURISDICTION, contiguous zone, continental shelf, Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), High Seas and Deep Ocean Floor, internal waters, law of the sea, Maritime Claims, maritime zone, Maritime Zones and How They Are Determined, River Mouths, territorial sea