Maritime delimitation – IILSS-International institute for Law of the Sea Studies

Approaches to delimitation of maritime boundaries

IILSS 16th July 2022 What are the maritime zone?What is a delimitation agreement?What is delimitation in international law?What is delimitation law?What is delimitation of maritime boundary?What is maritime delineation?What is the equitable result in the law and practice of maritime delimitation?Who formed Delimitation Commission?Why are maritime boundaries important?

The establishment of continental shelf zones and exclusive economic zones
(EEZs) considerably increased the number and length of the maritime
boundaries between coastal states. A 1983 survey identified some 376
international maritime boundaries between 137 coastal states around the
globe. In 1988, the US Department of State gave a figure of 412 demarcations
required. Eventually, additional boundaries arose due to the advent
of new states and the breaking-up of the Soviet Union. Yet another
generation of boundaries will result from climate change and accessibility
to resources in the Arctic waters.

Maritime delimitation

Development of the Studies on Maritime Delimitation

Since 1945, in particular, many studies have been written in the field of maritime delimitation. Most of them have focused on the case law. In fact, as is shown in the bibliography, there are many articles relating to international judgments in this field. Since it has been argued that the law of maritime delimitation has developed through international jurisprudence, it was only natural that writers turned to the analysis of case law in this field.

Maritime delimitation

Importance of Maritime Delimitation in International Law of the Sea

IILSS 2nd December 2021 How are maritime borders defined?How the maritime boundary of two states opposite or adjacent are to be decided?Maritime Claims maritime delimitation spatial extent of coastal State jurisdiction What are the sovereign rights of the nation over the territorial sea?What is delimitation in international law?What is delimitation of maritime boundary?What is the boundary for international waters?What is the equitable result in the law and practice of maritime delimitation?What is the meaning of maritime contact?What is the principle of maritime delimitation?Where is an area that has a maritime boundary dispute?Who holds the power to determine maritime borders?Why is the maritime delimitation important?

MARITIME SPACES IN international law of the sea are, in essence, defined in relation to the coastal State jurisdiction over each maritime space. Thus, coastal State jurisdiction is the primary criterion in characterising maritime spaces. The ambit of coastal State jurisdiction is in principle defined spatially, based on distance from the coast. According to the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, the territorial sea in which a coastal State exercises territorial sovereignty shall not exceed 12 nautical miles measured from the relevant baseline (Article 3). The contiguous zone over which a limited jurisdiction is exercised by the coastal State may not extend beyond 24 nautical miles from that line (Article 33). The Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), where the coastal State may exercise sovereign rights regarding the exploration and exploitation of natural resources, shall not extend beyond 200 nautical miles (Article 57). The same is in principle true for continental shelves of less than 200 nautical miles (Article 76(1)). It would seem safe to say that these rules have now become customary law. Hence, the definition of the spatial extent of coastal State jurisdiction is at the heart of the international law of the sea.

continental shelf claims disputes(cases and legal aspects) Exclusive Economic Zone claims Maritime delimitation world maritime boundaries atlas

Denmark(Faroe Islands)–United Kingdom maritime boundary and Special Area

IILSS 7th September 2021 Denmark(Faroe Islands)–United Kingdom maritime boundary Denmark(Faroe Islands)–United Kingdom Special Area Faroe Islands Faroe Islands continental shelf map Faroe Islands EEZ map Faroe Islands internal waters map Faroe Islands territorial waters map maritime delimitation United kingdom United Kingdom continental shelf map United Kingdom EEZ map United Kingdom internal waters map United Kingdom maritime boundaries United Kingdom maritime claims United Kingdom territorial waters map

In May 1999 Denmark and the United Kingdom concluded an agreement (1999 Agreement) concerning their overlapping claims to fisheries zones and continental shelf in North Atlantic waters located between the Faroe Islands and Scotland. The 1999 Agreement designates continental shelf and fisheries zone boundaries in addition to a ‘Special Area’ of water column that remains subject to the overlapping jurisdictional claims both States.

claims continental shelf claims disputes(cases and legal aspects) Exclusive Economic Zone claims Maritime Claims Maritime delimitation world maritime boundaries atlas

Colombia–Jamaica maritime boundary and the Joint Regime Area

IILSS 7th September 2021 Colombia Colombia continental shelf map Colombia EEZ map Colombia internal waters map Colombia maritime boundaries Colombia territorial waters map Colombia–Jamaica Maritime Boundary Colombia’s territorial sea Colombia’s territorial sea in Serranilla Colombia’s territorial sea in Serranilla and Bajo Nuevo Jamaica jamaica archipelago Jamaica continental shelf map Jamaica EEZ map Jamaica maritime boundaries Jamaica maritime claims Jamaica maritime map Jamaica territorial waters map Jamaica’s Archipelagic Claim Jamaican archipelagic straight baseline limits in the seas jamaica Which country have existing delimitation agreement with Jamaica?

In 1993 Colombia and Jamaica concluded a treaty (1993 Treaty) concerning their overlapping claims to a continental shelf and EEZ in the Caribbean Sea. Article 1 of the 1993 Treaty establishes a maritime boundary between the two States. Immediately to the west of the boundary, the 1993 Treaty also establishes a ‘Joint Regime Area’ in which, ‘pending the determination of the jurisdictional limits of each Party …, the Parties agree to establish … a zone of joint management, control, exploration and exploitation of living and non-living resources’. Article 3(1), sub-paragraphs (b) and (c) of the 1993 Treaty exclude two circular areas of 12 nautical miles radius from the Joint Regime Area. One circular area surrounds the cays of the Seranilla Bank and the other surrounds the cays of Bajo Nuevo. Both of these groups of features are claimed by Colombia – a claim that has been disputed on various occasions by Honduras, Jamaica, Nicaragua and the United States.

claims disputes(cases and legal aspects) ICJ cases Maritime delimitation world maritime boundaries atlas

Canada–United States overlapping claims in North Atlantic and surrounding Machias Seal Island and North Rock

IILSS 7th September 2021 Are there any disputes between Canada and the United States?Canada canada continental shelf map canada eez map canada internal waters map Canada maritime boundaries map Canada maritime zone Canada straight baseline claims canada territorial waters map Delimitation of the Maritime Boundary in the Gulf of Maine Area gulf of maine case summary List of areas disputed by Canada and the United States maritime delimitation The Maritime Boundaries of the United States The United States/Canada Gulf of Maine Maritime Boundary United States united states continental shelf map united states EEZ map united states internal waters map united states maritime boundaries map united states maritime claims united states maritime zone united states territorial waters map US Maritime Boundaries

In 1979 the Canada and the United States agreed to empower a Chamber of the ICJ to designate a single seabed and water-column boundary in the Gulf of Maine. The Chamber’s 1984 Judgment establishes a segmented boundary that commences at an offshore point mutually agreed by both States (Point A) and terminates at the point of intersection with the United States’ 200 nautical mile limit. McDorman notes that, prior to the conclusion of the 1979 agreement, Canadian and US negotiators had proposed several options concerning provisional joint management of overlapping claims in the Gulf of Maine. These proposals did not gain traction because delimitation issues proved difficult to set aside. In particular, the location of competing boundary claims influenced political views concerning the fair division of fisheries and potential hydrocarbon resources.

Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

The Development of the Case Law of Maritime Delimitation: From Equity to Normativity

IILSS 1st September 2021 Decline of Equitable Principles and Rise of Normativity Development of the Equitable Principles How is maritime delimitation done?How sea is divided between countries?maritime delimitation What are the stages of maritime boundary?What is delimitation in international law?What is delimitation of maritime boundary?What is marine delimitation?

In parallel with the codification process in the 1958 Geneva Conventions and the 1982 UNCLOS, the law of maritime delimitation was subject to a progressive development through litigation and arbitration. Both processes were at the same time independent and interrelated. The scope of this part is to provide a broad historical background of the evolution of the case law of maritime delimitation in order to better analyze in the following section the conditions, under which the Equidistance/Relevant Circumstances principle had emerged and developed.

Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

Codification of Maritime Delimitation

IILSS 1st September 2021 Agreement/Equidistance/Special Circumstances Codification of Maritime Delimitation Equidistance v. Equity Equidistance/Relevant Circumstances Equidistance/Special Circumstances How is maritime delimitation done?law of the sea maritime delimitation special circumstances What are the different maritime zones?What are the stages of maritime boundary?What is delimitation of maritime boundary?What is equi distance theory?What is marine delimitation?What is the cardinal principle applicable to maritime delimitation?

The first attempt at codification of the customary law of maritime delimitation started with the 1930 Hague Conference under the auspices of the League of Nations. The Hague Conference failed to reach its purpose and the following World War II period was not an appropriate period to deal with issues of maritime delimitation. In the aftermath of World War II, the creation of the United Nations Organization (UN) and the multiple individual claims of States over maritime spaces, such as the Truman Proclamation and the Santiago Declaration raised the need of re-starting the process of codification of the law of maritime delimitation. The adoption of the 1958 Geneva Conventions which followed was a successful initiative, at least to some extent.

Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

what is the meaning of Thalweg Line

IILSS 1st September 2021 Definition of “thalweg”How does a thalweg work?How is a thalweg formed?Is the thalweg the fastest part of a river?law of the sea median/thalweg line Thalweg Line What is the opposite of Thalweg?Where is the thalweg in a meander?

The thalweg line is a concept of river law, defined under customary law either as “the mid-line of the main navigation channel” or as the deepest water line. The purpose of the thalweg line in matters of delimitation is to ensure an equal share of the navigable channel between two sovereign States taking into account the navigation interests. As compared to the median-line, the thalweg line as single rule was less used for maritime delimitation in State practice; one example is the Alaska Boundary Arbitration between Great Britain and the United States in 1903.

Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

what is the meaning of single maritime boundaries line (single line with dual purpose or all-purpose line)

IILSS 30th August 2021 all-purpose line continental shelf EEZ How do you determine maritime boundaries?maritime delimitation single line with dual purpose single maritime boundaries line What are the stages of maritime boundary?What is delimitation of maritime boundaries?What is single maritime boundary?What is the principle of maritime delimitation?

In theory, the delimitation of the exclusive economic zone could follow a different line than the continental shelf. For practical reasons, however, states seem to have wanted to have their maritime zones delimited by a single maritime boundary for all purposes. The reason for this lies first of all in the shared overlap of natural resources between the two zones.

Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

Three-stage Approach of Maritime Delimitation in law of the sea (customary international law and court decisions)

IILSS 30th August 2021 How do countries manage their maritime claims?How do you determine maritime boundaries?How the maritime boundary of two states opposite or adjacent are to be decided?maritime delimitation maritime domain PDF What is the principle of maritime delimitation?Three-stage Approach of Maritime Delimitation What are the maritime divisions of sea?What are the stages of maritime boundary?What is a delimitation agreement?What is an equidistance line?What is delimitation of continental shelf?What is equidistance theory?What is equidistant formula?What is maritime zone delimitation?What is the meaning of maritime contact?What is the principle of maritime delimitation?What is the purpose of maritime boundary?

Three-stage Approach of Maritime Delimitation that the International Court of Justice (ICJ) “has developed a settled jurisprudence relating to the interpretation of those provisions”, while quoting the Court’s description of the three-stage approach of first drawing a provisional delimitation line, then assessing that line in the light of the relevant circumstances of the case and finally applying the disproportionality test to determine whether the proposed boundary results in an equitable solution, which has been developed in the context of the delimitation of the continental shelf and the exclusive economic zone. “international law thus calls for the application of an equidistance line, unless another line is required by special circumstances”. However, the assertion that the ICJ’s three-stage approach is settled jurisprudence in relation to article 15 is not borne out by a reading of the judgments. The quotation in paragraph 999 of the Award is from the judgment of the Court in Peru v. Chile. As the Award indicates, the Court in this connection makes reference to its earlier decisions in Black Sea and Territorial and Maritime Dispute (Nicaragua v. Colombia). All three decisions discuss the three-stage approach in relation to the delimitation of the exclusive economic zone and the continental shelf and there is nothing in these judgments suggesting that the Court considered that the three-stage approach applies equally to the delimitation of the territorial sea under article 15 of the Convention.

Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

what is the meaning of Special Circumstances and Relevant Circumstances in delimitation process at law of the sea

IILSS 30th August 2021 law of the sea LOSC maritime delimitation What are the principles of delimitation?What is an equitable principle?What is delimitation of maritime boundary?What is equi distance theory?

Special circumstances are those circumstances which might modify the results produced by an unqualified application of the equidistance principles. Small islands and maritime features are arguably the archetypical special circumstances as much in the delimitation of the territorial sea as in the delimitation of the continental shelf/EEZ. The Court has recognized in numerous cases, including the North Sea Continental Shelf, Tunisia/Libya, Libya/Malta and Qatar v. Bahrain cases that the equitableness of an equidistance line depends on whether the precaution is taken of eliminating the disproportionate effect of certain islets, rocks and minor coastal projections.

Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

equitable result in maritime delimitation and most acceptable law for delimitation process

IILSS 30th August 2021 Articles 74 and 83 of the 1982 LOS Convention Equitable Principle law of the sea LOSC maritime delimitation What is delimitation of maritime boundaries?What is equitable result?What is the cardinal principle applicable to maritime delimitation?

The notion of equity is at the heart of the delimitation of the CS(continental shelf) and entered into the delimitation process with the 1945 proclamation of US President Truman, concerning the delimitation of the CS between the Unites States and adjacent States. The Truman proclamation inspired the Court during the 1969 North Sea case, when the Court stated that “delimitation is to be effected by agreement in accordance with equitable principles, and taking into account all the relevant circumstances.” This idea became doctrine and was reiterated and confirmed by the ICJ and arbitral tribunals in subsequent cases. Articles 74 and 83 of the 1982 LOS Convention concerning the delimitation of the EEZ and the CS provides for effecting the delimitation by agreement, in accordance with international law and in order to achieve an equitable result.

Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

Delimitation of the Maritime Boundaries between the adjacent States

IILSS 30th August 2021 Delimitation of the Maritime Boundaries between the adjacent States How do you determine maritime boundaries?maritime delimitation What are the different maritime zones?What is an example of equitable?What is delimitation of maritime boundaries?What is equitable result?What is the cardinal principle applicable to maritime delimitation?What is the principle of maritime delimitation?

Delimitation of the Maritime Boundaries between the adjacent Boundaries between the adjacent States , a PDF+PPT lecture by Nugzar Dundua, United Nations United Nations, The…

Law of the sea Maritime delimitation territorial waters legal aspects

Overlapping claims to territorial sea in law of the sea and LOSC

IILSS 30th August 2021 Can territorial seas overlap?law of the sea LOSC Maritime Claims Overlapping Claims to Territorial Sea territorial sea territorial seas territorial waters What if territorial waters overlap?What is the limit of territorial sea?

Delimitation of the territorial sea between States with opposite or adjacent coasts
Where the coasts of two States are opposite or adjacent to each other, neither of the two States is entitled, failing agreement between them to the contrary, to extend its territorial sea beyond the median line every point of which is equidistant from the nearest points on the baselines from which the breadth of the territorial seas of each of the two States is measured. The above provision does not apply, however, where it is necessary by reason of historic title or other special circumstances to delimit the territorial seas of the two States in a way which is at variance therewith.
This provision in a near-verbatim reproduction of the equivalent provision of the 1958 Territorial Sea Convention. It reflects a compromise reached at UNCLOS I – and again at UNCLOS III – between two general proposed methods of delimitation.

internal waters and baseline legal aspects Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

Overlapping claims to internal waters in law of the sea and LOSC

IILSS 30th August 2021 internal waters LOSC Overlapping claims Overlapping claims to internal waters

Several adjacent coastal States have designated straight territorial sea baselines in a manner that generates overlapping claims to internal waters. The LOSC contains only limited references to internal waters, none of which concern delimitation or OCA management. The absence of detailed provisions in this context flows from the characterization of internal waters under customary law: Such waters appertain to the land territory of a coastal State and are subject, with limited exception, to full territorial sovereignty. The absence in the law of the sea of detailed rules concerning internal waters is a deliberate deference to the territorial rights of coastal States.

Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

Regime of the islands in law of the sea

IILSS 24th August 2021 artificial islands Can an island be man made?Freedom to construct artificial islands ISLANDS islands in law of the sea Presence of Islands WHAT CONSTITUTES AN ISLAND What is considered an island according to the Unclos?What is considered an island according to the United Nations conversation on the Law of the Sea?

Article 121 of the 1982 Convention deals with the regime of islands.
An island is a naturally formed area of land, surrounded by water, which is above water at high tide.
Except as provided for in paragraph 3, the territorial sea, the contiguous zone, the exclusive economic zone and the continental shelf of an island are determined in accordance with the provisions of this Convention applicable to other land territory.
Rocks which cannot sustain human habitation or economic life of their own shall have no exclusive economic zone or continental shelf.

Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

difference between islands and rocks in law of the sea

IILSS 24th August 2021 artificial islands Do islands have territorial waters?ISLANDS rocks What is a rock under the UN Convention of the law of the sea?What is the difference between a rock and an island?What is the legal definition of an island?

The definition and treatment of islands in maritime boundary delimitation are complex and important. This is because the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), which came into effect in 1994, provides that islands, along with mainland coasts, may generate a full suite of maritime zones – including a 200 nm exclusive economic zone (EEZ) and continental shelf claim as well as a 12 nm territorial sea. Thus, if no maritime neighbours were within 400 nm of the feature, an island has the potential to generate 125,664 sq. nm [431,014 km2] of territorial sea, EEZ and continental shelf rights. There is also the consideration that oceans remain an important source of living resources, with fisheries representing a major industry for many coastal states.

Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES IN MARITIME ZONES

IILSS 23rd August 2021 Archipelagic States contiguous zone continental shelf delimitation of the territorial seas Do landlocked states have any maritime rights?exclusive economic zone exclusive fishing zone internal waters law of the sea LOSC territorial seas What are maritime zones?What are rights of coastal states over continental shelf?What are the five maritime zones?What are the maritime zones under UNCLOS?What are the rights and duties of coastal states?What are the rights and responsibilities of coastal states over contiguous zone?What are the rights given to the coastal state at different sea zones?What are the rights in the contiguous zone?What are transit rights?What does it mean to be a powerful maritime area?What rights are landlocked states entitled to under UNCLOS?What rights does a country have within territorial sea?Which is the maritime zone comprising the sea bed and sub soil of the marine areas that extent beyond it territorial sea?

Coastal states can claim five key maritime zones. Proceeding seawards from the coast they are internal waters, territorial seas, the contiguous zone, the exclusive economic zone (or, in some cases, an exclusive fishing zone) and the continental shelf. Archipelagic states may also claim archipelagic waters within their archipelagic baselines. Beyond these national zones of jurisdiction lie the international maritime zones of the high seas and the Area.
The rights of the coastal state and aliens vary in these maritime zones, and do so both spatially and functionally. Thus, the coastal state has more rights closer to shore, for example in internal waters and the territorial sea. Aliens retain considerable rights within a coastal state’s claimed maritime zones concerned with communication issues such as navigation, overflight and the laying of submarine cables and pipelines. The coastal state, in contrast, boasts significant resource related rights, particularly concerning fishing and mineral extraction from the seabed.

continental shelf legal aspects Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

Delimitation of the Continental Shelf Beyond 200 Nautical Miles in law of the sea and customary international law

IILSS 16th April 2021 No Comments Bangladesh/India case Bangladesh/Myanmar case continental shelf Delimitation of the Continental Shelf Delimitation of the Continental Shelf Beyond 200 Nautical Miles Ghana/Côte d’Ivoire cases LOSC maritime delimitation What are the characteristics of the continental shelf?What does continental slope mean?What extended continental shelf?What is continental shelf limit?What is the importance of continental shelf?What is the largest continental shelf?Where is the continental shelf?

The delimitation of the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles is a comparatively new subject in the law of maritime delimitation. In this regard, three issues need further consideration: (i) entitlements to the continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles, (ii) the relationship between the CLCS and an international court or tribunal, and (iii) the methodology.. Delimitation of the Continental Shelf Beyond 200 Nautical Miles in law of the sea and customary international law, Bangladesh/India case, Bangladesh/Myanmar case, continental shelf, Delimitation of the Continental Shelf, Delimitation of the Continental Shelf Beyond 200 Nautical Miles, Ghana/Côte d’Ivoire cases, LOSC, maritime delimitation, What are the characteristics of the continental shelf?, What does continental slope mean?, What extended continental shelf?, What is continental shelf limit?, What is the importance of continental shelf?, What is the largest continental shelf?, Where is the continental shelf?

continental shelf legal aspects Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ) legal aspects Law of the sea Maritime delimitation territorial waters legal aspects

Judicial Creativity in the Law of Maritime Delimitation

IILSS 16th April 2021 No Comments Anglo-French Continental Shelf Arbitration Gulf of Maine cases maritime delimitation opinio juris What are the stages of maritime boundary?What is a single maritime boundary?What is delimited boundary?What is maritime space?What is median line principle?What is the difference between demarcation and delimitation?Which law delimits world seas?

Judicial Creativity in the Law of Maritime Delimitation, Anglo-French Continental Shelf Arbitration, Gulf of Maine cases, maritime delimitation, opinio juris, What are the stages of maritime boundary?, What is a single maritime boundary?, What is delimited boundary?, What is maritime space?, What is median line principle?, What is the difference between demarcation and delimitation?, Which law delimits world seas?

continental shelf legal aspects Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ) legal aspects Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

Environmental Factors as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law

IILSS 16th April 2021 No Comments delimitation process Environmental Factors equitable maritime boundary Gulf of Maine case marine environment maritime boundary relevant circumstances

While protection of the marine environment is a matter of important concern, the existing case law seems to pay little attention to environmental concern in the context of maritime delimitations. In the Gulf of Maine case, the United States relied on environmental factors to justify an equitable maritime boundary. However, the Chamber of the ICJ discarded the ecological criterion primarily because such a criterion was inconsistent with the ‘neutral criteria’ for drawing a single maritime boundary. Usually environmental considerations have played little, if any, role in agreements concerning maritime delimitations.. Environmental Factors as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law, delimitation process, Environmental Factors, equitable maritime boundary, Gulf of Maine case, marine environment, maritime boundary, relevant circumstances

continental shelf legal aspects Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ) legal aspects Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

Navigational Factors as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law

IILSS 16th April 2021 No Comments delimitation process Eritrea/Yemen Arbitration Guyana/Suriname case LOSC Navigational Factors navigational interests relevant circumstances territorial seas

Navigational Factors as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law, delimitation process, Eritrea/Yemen Arbitration, Guyana/Suriname case, LOSC, Navigational Factors, navigational interests, relevant circumstances, territorial seas

continental shelf legal aspects Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ) legal aspects Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

Security Interests as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law

IILSS 16th April 2021 No Comments Black Sea cases delimitation process Greenland/Jan Mayen case Libya/Malta case relevant circumstances security factors Security Interests

Security Interests as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law, Black Sea cases, delimitation process, Greenland/Jan Mayen case, Libya/Malta case, relevant circumstances, security factors, Security Interests

continental shelf legal aspects Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ) legal aspects internal waters and baseline legal aspects Law of the sea Maritime delimitation territorial waters legal aspects

Historic Title and Historic Rights as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law

IILSS 16th April 2021 No Comments continental shelf delimitation delimitation process EEZ EEZ delimitation historic rights Historic Title LOSC maritime areas maritime delimitation relevant circumstances South China Sea Arbitration

Historic Title and Historic Rights as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law, continental shelf delimitation, delimitation process, EEZ, EEZ delimitation, historic rights, Historic Title, LOSC, maritime areas, maritime delimitation, relevant circumstances, South China Sea Arbitration

continental shelf legal aspects Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ) legal aspects Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

Conduct of the Parties as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law

IILSS 16th April 2021 No Comments Conduct of the Parties delimitation process maritime delimitation Tunisia/ Libya judgment

Conduct of the Parties as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law, Conduct of the Parties, delimitation process, maritime delimitation, Tunisia/ Libya judgment

continental shelf legal aspects Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ) legal aspects Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

Economic Factors as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law

IILSS 16th April 2021 No Comments Cameroon/Nigeria case common deposit clause continental shelf Economic Factors Eritrea/Yemen Arbitration Greenland/Jan Mayen case Gulf of Maine judgment maritime delimitation mineral deposit clause natural resources

Economic Factors as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law, Cameroon/Nigeria case, common deposit clause, continental shelf, Economic Factors, Eritrea/Yemen Arbitration, Greenland/Jan Mayen case, Gulf of Maine judgment, maritime delimitation, mineral deposit clause, natural resources

continental shelf legal aspects Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ) legal aspects Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

Presence of Third States as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law

IILSS 15th April 2021 No Comments Nicaragua/Colombia case Presence of Third States principal relevant circumstances in the law of maritime delimitation

Presence of Third States as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law, Nicaragua/Colombia case, Presence of Third States, principal relevant circumstances in the law of maritime delimitation

continental shelf legal aspects Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ) legal aspects Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

Geological and Geomorphological Factors as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law

IILSS 15th April 2021 No Comments continental shelf delimitation process Geological Geomorphological relevant circumstances

Geological and Geomorphological Factors as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law, continental shelf, delimitation process, Geological, Geomorphological, relevant circumstances

continental shelf legal aspects Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ) legal aspects Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

Presence of Islands as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law

IILSS 15th April 2021 No Comments 12-nautical-mile Black Sea case continental shelf delimitation process geographic realities ICJ jurisprudence ITLOS maritime boundary maritime delimitation Nicaragua/ Colombia case Nicaragua/Honduras case Presence of Islands Qatar/Bahrain case relevant circumstances

Presence of Islands as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law, 12-nautical-mile, Black Sea case, continental shelf, delimitation process, geographic realities, ICJ jurisprudence, ITLOS, maritime boundary, maritime delimitation, Nicaragua/ Colombia case, Nicaragua/Honduras case, Presence of Islands, Qatar/Bahrain case, relevant circumstances

continental shelf legal aspects Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ) legal aspects internal waters and baseline legal aspects Law of the sea Maritime delimitation territorial waters legal aspects

Baselines or basepoints as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law

IILSS 15th April 2021 No Comments Baltic baselines basepoint basepoints delimitation process equidistance method Eritrea/Yemen case Libya/Malta case LOSC Maritime Boundary Agreement between the United States and Cuba maritime delimitations relevant circumstances straight-baselines system

Baselines or basepoints as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law, Baltic, baselines, basepoint, basepoints, delimitation process, equidistance method, Eritrea/Yemen case, Libya/Malta case, LOSC, Maritime Boundary Agreement between the United States and Cuba, maritime delimitations, relevant circumstances, straight-baselines system

continental shelf legal aspects Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ) legal aspects Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

Proportionality as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law

IILSS 15th April 2021 No Comments adjacent coasts Anglo-French Continental Shelf case delimitation process Equitable Principles existence of particular coastal configurations ITLOS maritime delimitation North Sea Continental Shelf cases Proportionality quasi-equal length of the relevant coasts relevant circumstances

Proportionality as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law, adjacent coasts, Anglo-French Continental Shelf case, delimitation process, Equitable Principles, existence of particular coastal configurations, ITLOS, maritime delimitation, North Sea Continental Shelf cases, Proportionality, quasi-equal length of the relevant coasts, relevant circumstances

continental shelf legal aspects Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ) legal aspects Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

Configuration of Coasts as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law

IILSS 15th April 2021 No Comments Bangladesh/India Arbitration Bangladesh/Myanmar case Configuration of Coasts delimitation process equidistance line equidistance method geographical factors Guinea/ Guinea-Bissau case ITLOS Libya/Malta judgment line grosso modo macrogeography manifestly concave maritime delimitation North Sea Continental Shelf cases opposite and adjacent coasts provisional equidistance line relevant circumstances

Configuration of Coasts as a RELEVANT CIRCUMSTANCES in delimitation process in law of the sea and customary international law, Bangladesh/India Arbitration, Bangladesh/Myanmar case, Configuration of Coasts, delimitation process, equidistance line, equidistance method, geographical factors, Guinea/ Guinea-Bissau case, ITLOS, Libya/Malta judgment, line grosso modo, macrogeography, manifestly concave, maritime delimitation, North Sea Continental Shelf cases, opposite and adjacent coasts, provisional equidistance line, relevant circumstances

Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

DEVELOPMENT OF CASE LAW RELATING TO MARITIME DELIMITATION

IILSS 15th April 2021 No Comments 1977 Anglo-French Continental Shelf case an equitable result Bangladesh/India Arbitration Bangladesh/Myanmar case Black Sea case Cameroon/Nigeria case continental shelf corrective-equity approach EEZ equidistance method equidistance/relevant circumstances method equitable criteria Equitable Principles equitable result Eritrea/Yemen Arbitration Ghana/Côte d’Ivoire case Greenland/Jan Mayen case Gulf of Maine case Guyana/Suriname Arbitration maritime delimitation Nicaragua/Honduras case North Sea Continental Shelf judgment Pierre and Miquelon Arbitration provisional delimitation line Qatar/Bahrain case relevant circumstances resultorientated equity approach single combined equidistance–special circumstances rule special circumstances test of disproportionality three-stage approach to maritime delimitations Tunisia/Libya case What are the stages of maritime boundary?What is a single maritime boundary?What is delimited boundary?What is maritime space?What is median line principle?What is the difference between demarcation and delimitation?Which law delimits world seas?

DEVELOPMENT OF CASE LAW RELATING TO MARITIME DELIMITATION, 1977 Anglo-French Continental Shelf case, an equitable result, Bangladesh/India Arbitration, Bangladesh/Myanmar case, Black Sea case, Cameroon/Nigeria case, continental shelf, corrective-equity approach, EEZ, equidistance method, equidistance/relevant circumstances method, equitable criteria, Equitable Principles, equitable result, Eritrea/Yemen Arbitration, Ghana/Côte d’Ivoire case, Greenland/Jan Mayen case, Gulf of Maine case, Guyana/Suriname Arbitration, maritime delimitation, Nicaragua/Honduras case, North Sea Continental Shelf judgment, Pierre and Miquelon Arbitration, provisional delimitation line, Qatar/Bahrain case, relevant circumstances, resultorientated equity approach, single combined equidistance–special circumstances rule, special circumstances, test of disproportionality, three-stage approach to maritime delimitations, Tunisia/Libya case, What are the stages of maritime boundary?, What is a single maritime boundary?, What is delimited boundary?, What is maritime space?, What is median line principle?, What is the difference between demarcation and delimitation?, Which law delimits world seas?

continental shelf legal aspects Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ) legal aspects Law of the sea Maritime delimitation territorial waters legal aspects

TREATY LAW CONCERNING MARITIME DELIMITATION

IILSS 15th April 2021 No Comments 1958 Convention on the Continental Shelf 1977 Anglo-French Continental Shelf case continental shelf Delimitation of the contiguous zone delimitation of the territorial seas determining the applicable law EEZ equidistance (median line)Equitable Principles equitable solution inequitable results LOSC method of delimitation special circumstances TSC What are the stages of maritime boundary?What is a single maritime boundary?What is delimited boundary?What is maritime space?What is median line principle?What is the difference between demarcation and delimitation?Which law delimits world seas?

TREATY LAW CONCERNING MARITIME DELIMITATION, 1958 Convention on the Continental Shelf, 1977 Anglo-French Continental Shelf case, continental shelf, Delimitation of the contiguous zone, delimitation of the territorial seas, determining the applicable law, EEZ, equidistance (median line), Equitable Principles, equitable solution, inequitable results, LOSC, method of delimitation, special circumstances, TSC, What are the stages of maritime boundary?, What is a single maritime boundary?, What is delimited boundary?, What is maritime space?, What is median line principle?, What is the difference between demarcation and delimitation?, Which law delimits world seas?

Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

CONCEPT OF MARITIME DELIMITATION in law of the sea and customary international law

IILSS 15th April 2021 No Comments coastal State jurisdiction over maritime space delimitation of internal waters Delimitation of the contiguous zone Delimitation of the Continental Shelf Delimitation of the EEZ Delimitation of the territorial sea Gulf of Maine case maritime delimitation maritime limits maritime spaces process of establishing lines What are the stages of maritime boundary?What is a single maritime boundary?What is delimited boundary?What is maritime space?What is median line principle?Which law delimits world seas?

CONCEPT OF MARITIME DELIMITATION in law of the sea and customary international law, coastal State jurisdiction over maritime space, delimitation of internal waters, Delimitation of the contiguous zone, Delimitation of the Continental Shelf, Delimitation of the EEZ, Delimitation of the territorial sea, Gulf of Maine case, maritime delimitation, maritime limits, maritime spaces, process of establishing lines, What are the stages of maritime boundary?, What is a single maritime boundary?, What is delimited boundary?, What is maritime space?, What is median line principle?, Which law delimits world seas?

Law of the sea Maritime delimitation

what is the Main Issues of Maritime Delimitation in law of the sea and customary international law?

IILSS 15th April 2021 No Comments advantages and disadvantages of the basic approaches to the law of maritime delimitations approaches adopted by international courts and tribunals with regard to maritime delimitations Main Issues of Maritime Delimitation marine spaces maritime delimitation multiple jurisdictional zones principal relevant circumstances in the law of maritime delimitation principle applicable to maritime delimitations role of international courts and tribunals in the development of the law of maritime delimitations What are the stages of maritime boundary?What is a single maritime boundary?What is delimited boundary?What is maritime space?What is median line principle?Which law delimits world seas?

what is the Main Issues of Maritime Delimitation in law of the sea and customary international law?, advantages and disadvantages of the basic approaches to the law of maritime delimitations, approaches adopted by international courts and tribunals with regard to maritime delimitations, Main Issues of Maritime Delimitation, marine spaces, maritime delimitation, multiple jurisdictional zones, principal relevant circumstances in the law of maritime delimitation, principle applicable to maritime delimitations, role of international courts and tribunals in the development of the law of maritime delimitations, What are the stages of maritime boundary?, What is a single maritime boundary?, What is delimited boundary?, What is maritime space?, What is median line principle?, Which law delimits world seas?

internal waters and baseline legal aspects Law of the sea Maritime delimitation territorial waters legal aspects

what is the meaning of Historic Bays on tle law of the sea and LOSC

IILSS 10th April 2021 No Comments Concept of Historic Waters Foreign Waters/Bays Considered Not to Be Historic geographical sense Gulf of Sert Historic and vital bays Historic Bay Cruises Historic Bays HISTORIC BAYS IN INTERNATIONAL LAW historic rights Historic Titles and Historic Rights in the Law of the sea historic waters Historic Waters and Historic Rights Historic Waters and Rights Revisited historic waters definition Historic Waters in the Law of the Sea law of the sea LOSC The Doctrine of Historic Bays THE SOUTH AUSTRALIAN HISTORIC BAYS The Status of Historic Bays in International Law Tunisia/Libya case Validity of International Law over Historic Rights

The TSC and the LOSC contain no definition of historic bays. According to the Annex VII Arbitral Tribunal in the South China Sea Arbitration (Merits), a ‘historic bay’ is ‘a bay in which a State claims historic waters’. As historic bays are one of the categories of ‘historic waters’, the legal regime of historic bays should be examined in the broad context of historic waters. According to the ICJ, ‘historic waters’ usually mean ‘waters which are treated as internal waters but which would not have that character were it not for the existence of [a] historic title’.. what is the meaning of Historic Bays on tle law of the sea and LOSC, Concept of Historic Waters, geographical sense, Gulf of Sert, Historic Bays, historic rights, historic waters, ICJ, law of the sea, LOSC, Tunisia/Libya case

continental shelf legal aspects Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ) legal aspects lecture in law of the sea(in PDF and PPT) Maritime delimitation

Equitable Principles & the Delimitation of the Continental Shelf

IILSS 22nd February 2021 No Comments Delimitation of the Continental Shelf delimitation of the maritime boundary Equitable Principles International Court of the Justice What are the characteristics of the continental shelf?What does continental slope mean?What extended continental shelf?What is continental shelf limit?What is the importance of continental shelf?What is the largest continental shelf?Where is the continental shelf?

Equitable Principles & the Delimitation of the Continental Shelf, Delimitation of the Continental Shelf, delimitation of the maritime boundary, Equitable Principles, International Court of the Justice, What are the characteristics of the continental shelf?, What does continental slope mean?, What extended continental shelf?, What is continental shelf limit?, What is the importance of continental shelf?, What is the largest continental shelf?, Where is the continental shelf?