Baseline, Straight baseline and base points claims continental shelf claims Exclusive Economic Zone claims Maritime Claims territorial waters claims

Baselines of the Territorial Sea of the People’s Republic of China that claimed in 1996

IILSS 26th April 2021 No Comments

lists of geographical coordinates as contained in the Declaration on the Baselines of the Territorial Sea of the People’s Republic of China of 15 May 1996

China’s straight baseline regime deviates from the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea in a number of ways. Such discrepancies are likely to induce legal and political conflicts between countries, and also the settlement of which would not be easy, in particular, among the East Asian countries. In consideration of this point, the legal issues surrounding China’s straight baselines and basepoints should be analyzed and evaluated not only from the perspectives of UNCLOS, but also through comparative analyses based on customary international law, State practices, and special circumstances. Many of China’s State practices and laws based on straight baselines are neither in accordance with international laws, nor generally recognized as being in accordance with the international law of the sea. This paper provides important legal insights into China’s straight baselines, which are unlawful from the perspectives of UNCLOS and State practices, and, in addition, suggest desirable ways to solve the problems in international laws. 

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Figure 1: Chinas Baselines
Figure 2: Baseline connecting Basepoints 9-10
Figure 3: Baselines connecting Basepoints 6-8
Figure 4: Baseline connecting Basepoints 12-13
Figure 5: Baselines connecting Basepoints 31-34
Figure 6: Baselines connecting Basepoints 8-11
Figure 7: Baselines connecting Basepoints 18-24
Figure 8: Baselines connecting Basepoints 25-42
Figure 9: Baselines for the Paracel Islands
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